(;GM[1]FF[4]CA[UTF-8]AP[CGoban:3]ST[2]
RU[AGA]SZ[19]KM[7.50]TM[4500]OT[15/300 Canadian]
GN[3e tour du championnat de France - ronde 1 - Toru Imamura-Cornuejols (B) vs Julien Payrat (W)]PW[Julien Payrat]PB[Toru Imamura-Cornuejols]WR[2d]BR[5d]DT[2013-08-23]EV[Championnat de France - 3e tour]RO[1]PC[La Maison de Vérotte - Claira]C[There is a 3 stone difference in rank between the players, so Black is expected to win, which he does by about 8.

The value of the 3 stones is about 25 points, so why doesn't black win by 25? (some say, that each handicap stone is worth the 8 points, plus a cumulative amount.  So that 1 stone is worth 8 while 9 stones is worth 120. But I have never heard a pro say it)

If black gave white a 25 point komi, then black would keep the tension (pushing the envelope, playing the sharper moves) until he felt the game was easy.

But white made some mistakes allowing black to push very little, and he felt the game easy from early on.

Imagine giving a 75 point komi. You would be using every single move to push as hard as you could, never letting up until all the komi was caught up.

]
(;B[pd]
;W[dp]
;B[pq]
;W[dd]
;B[fc]C[The unfinished corner is bigger, but we don't mind playing a smaller move as long as it is on the list of huge moves.

For white, how to choose, extend or pinch?
What is the criteria?

]
;W[hc]LB[cf:A][df:B]C[If the top is bigger, we pinch.
If the left is bigger, we extend.

On this board, the top and left are very similar in size.
So an extension to A or B, or a pinch are all fine.
]
(;B[cc]LB[fe:A]C[Black A is another way. See var.
]
;W[dc]
;B[cd]
;W[de]
;B[db]
;W[eb]
;B[cb]
;W[ec]
;B[cf]C[Time for the unfinished corner.
]
;W[qn]C[White's intent is to settle easily in Black's area.
If he comes closer, then black can be more aggressive.
see var for the simple way.


Where for black?
What are the issues on the board which will help us decide black's move?

]
(;B[ql]LB[pd:A][qp:B]C[If A were a shimari, facing in this direction, then this would be more meaningful.
As it is, it is fine, but not exciting.

Black B would take practical points, but there would not be much of a future. This black move plays more to  the future.
]
;W[qq]C[White plays a standard joseki.
]
;B[qp]
;W[pp]LB[po:A][rq:B]C[Black will be playing both A & B (for the more standard joseki). But B must come first.
See var for why.
]
(;B[rq]
;W[qr]
;B[po]
;W[op]
;B[qo]
;W[rr]LB[oo:A]C[Black would prefer not to push from behind if he doesn't have to. 
Joseki shows us a way for black to jump ahead.
]
;B[no]C[Just before white captures the cutting stone, white will push once to create 2 cuts.
]
;W[oo]
;B[on]
;W[oq]
;B[pn]C[Where to next for white?

We want to be in the habit of always considering the issues on the board, so that we can play meaningful moves.


]
;W[kc]LB[jc:A]C[This is a great move!

Black is strong and able to grow on the right and the top, so removing Black's sente move at A  is good.

It's not big for white, but would be very big for black.



Where for black?
What are the issues?

]
;B[pf]C[The right was the biggest area, so black plays there using a growing move (4th line is for growing or keeping pressure up on a weak group).

Why is the left not huge?
Why is the bottom not huge?


Where for white? What are the next biggest areas?
]
;W[mp]LB[pc:C][qc:D][pg:E][ch:F][nn:A][gq:B]C[White's first mistake.

Neither player can develope the bottom, so playing here is not urgent.

White B, looking forward to the cut of A, is  one idea.

White C gives white more of the top, but it would flat and uninteresting, while blacks corner would be good.

White D is difficult & small life.

The right is big, and black likes developing it.
White E is a nice probe, testing black's intent.
 Depending on how black answers, white's cut at A might become quite valuable.

F is the next natural move on the board.
]
;B[cg]LB[fc:D][oc:C][ch:B][mp:A]C[Black shows his strength.

White's sente at B (not really sente) was big before, and with white A, it is even bigger.

Notice that black's move gains very few points, but fixes a problem that white could use against him. It also means that black can move the D stone into action anytime now.

Black C would be far bigger in actual points, but it is an uninteresting double gote move.
]
;W[gq]C[The long knights move off of a 4/4 has special characteristics. Some good and some bad.

For this board, the small knights move looks better.

]
;B[cq]C[Black shows his strength again. This is how to punish white's move.
]
(;W[cp]LB[cg:A]C[with black A in place, the wall white is building will not be much value.

see var for the way to play when the wall is not good.
]
;B[dq]
;W[bq]LB[br:A]C[Black A seems natural, but it's a serious mistake.
see var.
]
(;B[fq]C[This is joseki.
]
;W[fp]
;B[ep]
;W[eo]
;B[eq]LB[bp:B][br:C][gr:A]C[White cannot play A, due to the cut at B.

this is why black can't play C first, as it fixes white's cut.

]
;W[gp]
;B[br]
;W[bp]
;B[gr]
;W[hr]
;B[fs]
;W[ar]
;B[bs]
;W[fn]C[There are 2 opening areas remaining; the left, and the upper right corner.

Which is bigger?
]
;B[oc]LB[cg:A]C[Since black A is strong and thick, it is hard for white to extend well. White can do it, but black would have freedom to deal with it well.

But the corner is always big, even in gote.
]
;W[qh]C[Our invasions should have 3 comfortable options towards health. 
This white move has only 2.5 (why 2.5?)

When our invasions  don't have 3 options towards health, we usually choose to play a free move first.
(this is the 2 item list for invasions).


Black will now remove one of white's running options.
He will choose the one that either gives him the most profit, or the one that bothers white the most.
]
;B[rg]LB[oh:A]C[A is the other choice.
But in this situation, it is not profit, and it does not bother white very much.
]
;W[qc]C[Is this probe helpful?  Perhaps.
]
;B[rd]
;W[qg]LB[qf:B][oh:A]C[White should think about running out with A first, later white might prefer playing B instead.
]
;B[rf]
;W[oh]C[Can white still be hassled? 
Yes. So black continues the attack.

White has only 1 running direction.
]
;B[mh]C[Where for white?
What is the principle?
]
;W[qk]C[If white had a natural gote move that worked well, he would just play it.
But since all regular moves were difficult, he plays a forcing move.


Where for black?
What is the principle?]
;B[pl]LB[pk:A][rk:B][pl:C][rl:D]C[A & B are for profiting while chasing.
but here, there is no real points profit.

C & D are for more serious attacking, and not giving white any weakness to work with.

White would love some black cut, in order to gain a free move.
]
;W[nj]LB[mi:B][lj:A]TR[mh][no]C[Notice that black's marked stones are not on the same line
If they were, then white would be playing B instead.

Where for black?

Chase with the knights move at A?
]
;B[mo]LB[lj:A][mo:B]C[If black already had the B stone in, then he would be playing A.

But since he didn't, he leans on the bottom to get ready.
]
;W[ng]LB[lj:A]C[White runs away, although  A  faster and more safe.

White is trying to separate the lonely black stone, and that is an ok idea.


Where for black?
What is the principle?
]
;B[lp]C["When your opponent ignores your threat, punish him!"
]
;W[mq]LB[mh:B][lp:A]C[Where for black?
Defend A?
Defend B?
]
;B[ld]LB[mh:A][qk:C][ql:B][mo:E][lp:G][hq:D][rq:F]C[Black's B group is very healthy.
Not that it has 2 eyes yet, but it can finish its health using the C stone, F stone or E stones.

Black's A stone is just a forcing move, and black can toss it away.

Black's E stones cannot get cut, due to a net.

Black's G stone can be cut, but this area is hard to secure for white, due to white oweing a move do defend D.


So black started another leaning attack.]
;W[lc]LB[pd:B][mh:A]C[Black's next move wants to touch A, and to make the whole thing touch the B group.
]
;B[lf]C[Black has really shown his strength in the game so far.
]
;W[oe]C[should black defend? or attack?
Some reading must be done.
]
(;B[pe]C[If black does not defend, see var.
]
;W[me]
;B[mf]
;W[nf]
;B[md]
;W[mg]
;B[lg]
;W[lh]LB[ld:A][lf:B]C[The A & B stones are commited stones (heavy), so black cannot allow them to become weak.

How to defend?
]
;B[kd]LB[kc:A][le:B]C[This saves the cut at B, and bothers the A stones.
]
;W[li]LB[fc:C][jc:D][kd:B][lh:A]C[White's A group is finally out of danger.
But white had to ignore the B stone to do it.

We know that "when your opponent ignores, punish him".

Black has 2 ideas to use on top.
The new idea of the B stone, and the old idea of the C stone.

Black D does not work by itself, so black will start the C stone in motion.
]
;B[fb]C[White has a lot to handle here.
]
;W[fa]
;B[ga]
;W[ea]
;B[hb]LB[ic:B][fe:A]C[We can see black's miai of A or B.
]
;W[fd]
;B[ic]
;W[gc]
;B[ib]
;W[gb]LB[ic:A]C[We have our first "must read" situation.
Can black ignore the A stones?

If black must play, then of course he will, but if he can go away to a big move, it would be big indeed.
So black must read it out.

Assuming that black can play away, where to?]
;B[cj]LB[mo:A][lp:B]C[Black was able to play away.

The left was big because of whites wall.

The B stone can be cut, making the bottom big as well.

White's wall seems to hold more promise for white.]
;W[id]
;B[jd]C[now we get to see what black was reading.
]
;W[nb]LB[ib:A][kc:B][pe:C]C[Black had to read out the A/B fight, and whites life here, before he played away.

This might sound like a lot, but all of you can read 40 moves ahead with no problem (see variation on move 1).

Remember that black defense at C, so long ago?
Without it, white could have some good chances here.
]
;B[mc]
;W[ob]
;B[pc]
;W[mb]
;B[kb]
;W[lb]
;B[jc]
;W[pb]
;B[rb]C[The killing move.
]
;W[ka]
;B[jb]
;W[qb]
;B[rc]
;W[lo]
;B[ln]C[Generally speaking, black will play these "pushing from behind" moves as long as they are sente and powerful.

Once they are no longer sente, he will usually jump out ahead, instead of pushing from behind.
]
;W[ko]LB[kn:A]C[Is A sente?
]
;B[kn]
;W[jo]LB[jn:A]C[Is A sente?
]
;B[jn]
;W[hs]
;B[ds]
;W[io]LB[in:A]C[Is A sente?
]
;B[cm]C[Black plays the last opening move.

Notice how the game went from the opening, to middle game, back to the opening. Going back and forth as the fight demanded.
]
;W[mm]
;B[mn]
;W[nm]
;B[nn]
;W[rl]
;B[rm]
;W[rk]LB[li:E][qk:A][mm:C][fn:F][jn:D][mo:B][rq:G]C[Black used to have many options for the 2nd eye here.

The weak white A stone has gone away.
The space around the B stones has gone away.
There is a new option with the thick D stones, but white is strong all around with E & F.

So black must either run out with D (not a big area, and not so secure an eye),
or use the G stone.
]
;B[sp]C[B 65ish

W 45 + komi + black has an extra move on the board 
     = 57ish.

If there was a big move to play, whites move due to him would raise his score. But there are no big moves left, so he does not get much from it.

The count shows black to be ahead by about 8 points, and this is exactly how much black wins by.


The only thing left for white, is to try to use his wall for fighting.]
;W[ck]C[Black had a 2 space extension on the 3rd line, which we all consider fairly secure.
But when there are 2 of them, right next to each other, it is not secure.

So white starts the fight there.

end of comments.
]
;B[dn]
;W[do]
;B[dk]
;W[dj]
;B[bk]
;W[ci]
;B[bj]
;W[ek]
;B[dl]
;W[di]
;B[bi]
;W[ie]
;B[jf]
;W[if]
;B[jg]
;W[ii]
;B[eg]
;W[kl]
;B[pk]
;W[pj]
;B[oj]
;W[pi]
;B[nk]
;W[mk]
;B[ni]
;W[mj]
;B[oi]
;W[mi]
;B[ig]
;W[eh]
;B[fg]
;W[im]
;B[ge]
;W[fe]
;B[gf]
;W[gh]
;B[fm]
;W[fl]
;B[gm]
;W[gl]
;B[gn]
;W[hm]
;B[bn]
;W[em]
;B[en]
;W[go]
;B[fo]
;W[nc]
;B[nd]
;W[fn]
;B[np]
;W[nq]
;B[fo]
;W[rn]
;B[qm]
;W[fn]
;B[df]
;W[ff]
;B[fo]
;W[qa]
;B[la]
;W[fn]
;B[pg]
;W[nh]
;B[ok]
;W[ph]
;B[fo]
;W[oa]
;B[ma]
;W[fn]
;B[hq]
;W[iq]
;B[fo]
;W[na]
;B[la]
;W[fn]
;B[fh]
;W[fi]
;B[fo]
;W[ro]
;B[om]
;W[fn]
;B[sn]
;W[hn]
;B[gg]
;W[hd]
;B[ji]
;W[jj]
;B[hi]
;W[hj]
;B[ih]
;W[ij]
;B[ri]
;W[rh]
;B[sh]
;W[ce]
;B[be]
;W[ch]
;B[bh]
;W[ne]
;B[gi]
;W[gj]
;B[hh]
;W[od]
;B[ra]
;W[dm]
;B[cn]
;W[da]
;B[ca]
;W[qf]
;B[qe]
;W[ki]
;B[sr]
;W[ef]
;B[hf]
;W[gs]
;B[fr]
;W[sl]
;B[sm]
;W[sj]
;B[rj]
;W[qj]
;B[si]
;W[jh]
;B[nl]
;W[ml]
;B[jm]
;W[jl]
;B[dg]
;W[ao]
;B[an]
;W[bo]
;B[aq]
;W[rs]
;B[ha]
;W[lm]
;B[as]
;W[kg]
;B[kf]
;W[kh]
;B[dh]
;W[ei]
;B[sk]
;W[sg]
;B[sf]
;W[sj]
;B[cl]
;W[qi]
;B[sg]
;W[el]
;B[sk]C[Black wins by 8
])
(;B[]
;W[qe]
;B[pe]
;W[qf]
;B[qd]
;W[re]
;B[se]
;W[rh]LB[rh:A]C[White gets A in sente.
This makes white's group much stronger along with the free points.

This is just one variation. The principle is that it's hard to attack when you have weakness left behind.
]))
(;B[br]
;W[bp]
;B[fq]
;W[fp]
;B[ep]
;W[eo]
;B[eq]LB[gr:A]C[Now white can play A, where the correct way he cannot.
]
;W[gr]C[Black has problems.
]))
(;W[dq]
;B[cp]
;W[co]
;B[bo]
;W[bn]C[If black takes the corner (quite rare in this joskei), white's wall is much better than it would have been the other way, so white is satisfied.

So black captures instead (the normal joseki).

]
;B[cn]
;W[do]
;B[bm]
;W[bp]
;B[an]
;W[bq]C[They say that Black & White are mutually dissatisfied, so it is equal.
]))
(;B[po]C[If black plays the outside first.
]
;W[op]
;B[rq]LB[qo:A]C[This allows white to cut at A.
]
;W[qo]
;B[qr]
;W[rp]
;B[qq]
;W[on]C[White is very happy to get the outside.
Black is unhappy to be tucked away in the corner.

]))
(;B[qp]
(;W[qk]C[This is the most simple joseki that there is.
Notice that black has more points than white, but they both have 2 stones here.

So, white took a loss on purpose in order to settle easily on black's side of the board.

White can also take sente if he wants. See 2nd var.
])
(;W[pj]LB[qf:A]C[Most of us would prefer white not get A next. So we remove it while attacking.
]
;B[qh]
;W[on]C[Now black's corner is behind enemy lines, so black defends.
]
;B[mq]LB[rj:A]C[Black got more on the bottom (not so big), more on the right  (still invadable) and white's skirt is still open.

White on the other hand is stable for the moment and can take sente.

But there's nothing particularly big to play on this board, so white would probably just play A next. 

Why is the top not so big? The left? The bottom?
])))
(;B[fe]
;W[df]
;B[id]
;W[ic]
;B[jd]
;W[hd]
;B[he]
;W[jc]
;B[kd]
;W[lc]
;B[me]
;W[mc]
;B[pk]C[Black sketches a big area this way, but he has nothing practical. So this way is faster, but not bigger.

]))
(;B[ss]
;W[rs]LB[rp:A]C[Black to play.
Can black escape? No.

You mean that you read out all those 40 moves???

So we can see that reading out a situation that is familiar to you, is an easy thing.

Can you also read out the kill at white A?
This is a small twist in the situation. Some of you are not familiar with it, and the reading might be difficult.

Others are familiar with it, and can read it out easily.

In the game, black could read the whole situation out easily, as it was something he was familiar with.

]
;B[sr]
;W[rr]
;B[sq]
;W[rp]))
